To be fair, the French military published a very brilliant and prescient paper on the nature of the coming war and the tactics it would require a handful of years before the War broke out… and the brass proceeded to completely ignore that paper in favor of ‘tried and true’ tactics.
Pigheadedness and tunnel-vision may not be stupidity per se, but it’s close enough that few observers are going to care about the difference.
To be fair, the French military published a very brilliant and prescient paper on the nature of the coming war and the tactics it would require a handful of years before the War broke out… and the brass proceeded to completely ignore that paper in favor of ‘tried and true’ tactics.
Pigheadedness and tunnel-vision may not be stupidity per se, but it’s close enough that few observers are going to care about the difference.